Many people will see some beautiful marble on the hotel floor, and the walls are carved with sandstone with a strong atmosphere, which brings a noble atmosphere and classical atmosphere to the hotel. So, how are these decorative stones processed? The processing process of decorative stone is detailed below:
Step 1: Sawing
Sawing is the process of cutting natural stone raw materials or large pieces of artificial stone into plates with a stone sawing machine.
Commonly used sawing equipment are frame saws (row saws), disc saws, and wire saws. For materials such as hard granite or larger gauge stones, frame saws are usually used for cutting; For small gauge stones with low hardness, disc saws can be used.
The principle of a frame saw is to add water iron sand or silica sand to the lower part of the saw blade, and by applying a certain pressure, the saw blade with iron sand moves back and forth on the stone, thereby cutting the stone.
A disc saw consists of a frame, a bracket that holds the saw blade, a lifting device, and a saw blade. Large saw blades are typically 1.25-2.50 meters in diameter and can process stones with a height of 1.0-1.2 meters. Saw blades generally use cemented carbide or diamond edges, the latter of which is more widely used. The cutting principle of the saw blade is to break the crystalline mineral into small pieces through the impact and friction of the saw teeth on the rock and realize the cutting.
Step 2: Surface finishing
The surface quality of the sawn plates is low and surface processing is required. Surface processing includes coarse grinding, fine grinding, polishing, flame drying, and chiseling.
The grinding process is usually divided into five steps: coarse grinding, fine grinding, semi-fine grinding, fine grinding, and polishing. Commonly used grinding equipment is rocker-type handheld grinders and bridge automatic grinders. The former is suitable for small parts processing, and the latter is suitable for processing plates with an area of more than 1 square meter. Abrasives typically use silicon carbide plus binders (such as resin and high-alumina cement) or 60-1000 mesh emery.
Polishing is the last process of stone grinding processing. Through polishing, the stone surface has the best ability to reflect light and good smoothness, so that the natural pattern and color of the stone can be fully displayed.
The commonly used stone polishing methods in China include the following:
Felt-oxalic acid polishing method: suitable for white jade, snowflake, screw turning, sesame white, mugwort leaf green, rosé, and other stones.
Felt-alumina polishing method: suitable for sunset, ink jade, purple bean paste, Hangzhou ash, northeast red, and other stones. These stones have a higher hardness.
White corundum grinding stone polishing method: suitable for golden jade, Dandong green, Jinan qing, white tiger stream, and other stones. These stones are difficult to polish using the first two methods.
In addition to the above methods, there are also singing processing and surface processing. Singing is the use of a flamethrower to sing the surface of the sawn granite sheet to restore the effect of its natural surface. After singing, the stone slab will remove rock fragments through a wire brush, and then high-pressure spraying with a mixture of glass slag and water, or using a manual grinder for nylon fiber mass grinding to meet the requirements of surface color and touch. Faceting processing is the use of stone grinding machines to process the surface of the sawn stone. Surface-treated marble and granite slabs are often cut using fine-grained diamond discs to make the final product.
After a series of polishing and polishing, the finished product of the decorative stone is finally completed. I hope that every user can choose their favorite decorative stone!
